Import Data into Collection in MongoDB

Import Data into Collection in MongoDB

Introduction
MongoDB is a popular NoSQL database that stores data in collections, which are analogous to tables in a relational database. To import data into a MongoDB collection, we can use the mongoimport command-line tool or utilize MongoDB drivers in various programming languages. This documentation will cover both methods with examples.

Method 1: Using mongoimport command-line tool
MongoDB provides the mongoimport command-line tool, which allows us to import data from a JSON, CSV, or TSV file into a MongoDB collection.

Syntax:

css
mongoimport --db <database_name> --collection <collection_name> --file <file_path> --jsonArray

Explanation:

• --db: Specifies the database where the collection resides.
• --collection: Specifies the target collection where the data will be imported.
• --file: Specifies the path of the file containing the data to be imported.
• --jsonArray: Specifies that each document in the input file should be treated as a separate JSON object.

Example:
Let's say we have a file named users.json containing the following JSON data:

json
[
  { "name": "John", "age": 30, "email": "john@example.com" },
  { "name": "Jane", "age": 25, "email": "jane@example.com" }
]

To import this data into a collection named usersdb in the database mydb, we would run the following command in the terminal:

css
mongoimport --db mydb --collection usersdb --file users.json --jsonArray

Method 2: Using MongoDB Drivers
MongoDB provides official drivers for various programming languages, such as Python, Node.js, Java, etc. We can use these drivers to import data programmatically.

Example using Python:
First, make sure you have installed the pymongo library:

bash
pip install pymongo

python
import pymongo
import json

# Connection to MongoDB server
client = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")

# Accessing the database
db = client["mydb"]

# Accessing the collection
collection = db["usersdb"]

# Load data from JSON file
with open("users.json") as file:
    data = json.load(file)

# Insert data into the collection
result = collection.insert_many(data)

# Print the inserted document IDs
print(result.inserted_ids)

Explanation:

• We first import the necessary libraries (pymongo and json).
• Establish a connection to the MongoDB server running on localhost and port 27017.
• Access the database named mydb.
• Access the collection named usersdb.
• Load data from the users.json file using Python's json.load() method.
• Use insert_many() to insert the data into the collection.
• Print the IDs of the inserted documents.

This concludes the documentation on importing data into a MongoDB collection. Whether you prefer using the mongoimport tool or MongoDB drivers, both methods allow you to easily populate your collections with data from various sources.