Conditions in Python - if, elif, else

Conditions in Python - if, elif, else

Introduction
Conditions in Python allow you to control the flow of your code based on certain conditions. The if, elif, and else statements are essential constructs in Python that enable you to execute specific blocks of code based on different conditions.

if Statement
The if statement is used to execute a block of code only if a specified condition is true. It has the following syntax:

python
if condition:
    # Code block to execute if the condition is true

Example:

python
age = 25
if age >= 18:
    print("You are an adult.")

Explanation:
In this example, the if statement checks if the variable age is greater than or equal to 18. If the condition evaluates to True, it prints "You are an adult."

elif Statement
The elif statement stands for "else if" and is used when you have multiple conditions to check. It allows you to check additional conditions if the preceding if or elif conditions are not met. It has the following syntax:

python
if condition1:
    # Code block to execute if condition1 is true
elif condition2:
    # Code block to execute if condition2 is true

Example:

python
score = 85
if score >= 90:
    print("You got an A.")
elif score >= 80:
    print("You got a B.")

Explanation:
In this example, the elif statement is used to check the score variable against multiple conditions. If the score is greater than or equal to 90, it prints "You got an A." If not, it checks the next condition, and if the score is greater than or equal to 80, it prints "You got a B."

else Statement
The else statement is used to specify a block of code that should be executed if none of the conditions in the if or elif statements are true. It has the following syntax:

python
if condition:
    # Code block to execute if the condition is true
else:
    # Code block to execute if the condition is false

Example:

python
num = 7
if num % 2 == 0:
    print("The number is even.")
else:
    print("The number is odd.")

Explanation:
In this example, the else statement is used to handle the case when the number stored in the num variable is odd. If the condition num % 2 == 0 evaluates to True, it prints "The number is even." Otherwise, it prints "The number is odd."

Conclusion
The if, elif, and else conditions in Python are powerful tools for controlling the flow of your code based on different conditions. Using these constructs, you can create dynamic and responsive programs that handle various scenarios effectively.